Archaeological explorations at Izat-kuli
Author
Muradova, EjegulPublisher
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Centro Superior de Estudios de Oriente Próximo y EgiptologíaDate
2013Citation
ISIMU 16 (2013): 113-120ISSN
1575-3492Subjects
Izat-kuli; Turkmenistan; Archaic Dakhistan Culture; Stratigraphical Horizons; Building Periods; Occupation Periods; Ceramic Assemblage; Early Iron Age I; Early Iron Age II; Irrigation System; Development of Agriculture; Arte / Bellas Artes; Geografía; HistoriaAbstract
Izat-kuli is located 21 km to the southwest of the modern settlement Madau (Kizyl-Etrek region,
Turkmenistan). Izat-kuli settlement is limited from all sides by banks of ancient canals, beyond which is takyr.
In the prospecting shaft number 1, nine stratigraphical horizons, two building periods and three periods
of occupation are revealed. The thickness of cultural layers measures up 8,75 m.
Pottery assemblages of the 1st and 2nd occupation periods of Izat-kuli should be referred to the Early
Iron Age I of Iran, i.e. 1300/1250 - 1000 B.C. since the vessels of these complexes find parallels in the Sumbar
culture, Sialk A, Kaitariya, Khurvin, Marlik-tepe.
The 3rd occupation period’s ceramic assemblage of Izat-kuli finds direct analogies in the complexes of
Early Iron Age II of Iran – Sialk B, Tyureng-tepe dated from 1000-800/750 B.C.
In the prospecting shaft number 2, which thickness of archaeological layers is 3 m, building remains are
not found.
The prospecting shaft number 3 archaeological layers’ thickness reaches 4,95 m. In its upper layers there
is revealed a building period applying to the top building horizon of settlement which corresponds to the
excavated living and economic complexes.
The received results of stratigraphical explorations allow to judge dynamics of development of Izat-kuli
settlement and its long existence.
Stratigraphical researches on Madaudepe, the settlements of Benguvan oasis, Tilkidepe, Chyglykdepe,
Tangsikylja, Izat-kuli have established that the archaeological layers containing pottery of Archaic Dakhistan
culture lay directly on the ancient delta deposits of Sumbar and Atrek rivers. No saline delta deposits were
apparently an ancient surface on which people settled down at the end of the II millennium B.C. A dense
irrigation system promoted development of agriculture. On the investigated plain there is a large massif of the
ancient irrigated lands testifying to the high level of development of the ancient farming culture Изат-кули находится в 21 км к юго-западу от современного селения Мадау (Кизыл-Этрекский
район, Туркменистан).
Для определения динамики роста поселения Изат-кули было заложено три
стратиграфических шурфа - № 1, № 2 и № 3. Во всех трёх шурфах на материковом слое (речной
аллювий) лежат культурные слои, относящиеся к культуре архаического Дахистана и
свидетельствующие о единовременности заселения поселения Изат-кули.
Керамических комплексы I и II периодов обживания Изат-кули следует относить к ЖВ I
Ирана, т.е. 1300/1250 – 1000 гг. до н.э.
Керамический комплекс III периода обживания Изат-кули находит прямые аналогии в
комплексах ЖВ II Ирана 1000-800/750 гг. до н.э.
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