Mañana, JUEVES, 24 DE ABRIL, el sistema se apagará debido a tareas habituales de mantenimiento a partir de las 9 de la mañana. Lamentamos las molestias.
A current perspective on cancer immune therapy: Step‑by‑step approach to constructing the magic bullet
Entity
UAM. Departamento de Bioquímica; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIBM)Publisher
Springer OpenDate
2017-01-03Citation
10.1186/s40169-016-0130-5
Clinical and Translational Medicine 6.3 (2017): 1-10
ISSN
2001-1326DOI
10.1186/s40169-016-0130-5Funded by
This work was supported by NIH R00 CA154605 and Louisiana Board of Regents LEQSF(2016-17)-RD-C-14 (H.L.M.), a Rámon y Cajal Merit Award from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain (B.S.Jr) and a Clinic and Laboratory Integration Program (CLIP) grant from the Cancer Research Institute, NY (B.S.Jr).Editor's Version
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40169-016-0130-5Subjects
CTLA-4; PD-1; PD-L1; Immunotherapy; Coley’s toxin; MedicinaRights
© The Author (s) 2017Abstract
Immunotherapy is the new trend in cancer treatment due to the selectivity, long lasting effects, and demonstrated
improved overall survival and tolerance, when compared to patients treated with conventional chemotherapy.
Despite these positive results, immunotherapy is still far from becoming the perfect magic bullet to fight cancer,
largely due to the facts that immunotherapy is not effective in all patients nor in all cancer types. How and when will
immunotherapy overcome these hurdles? In this review we take a step back to walk side by side with the pioneers of
immunotherapy in order to understand what steps need to be taken today to make immunotherapy effective across
all cancers. While early scientists, such as Coley, elicited an unselective but effective response against cancer, the
search for selectivity pushed immunotherapy to the side in favor of drugs focused on targeting cancer cells. Fortunately,
the modern era would revive the importance of the immune system in battling cancer by releasing the brakes
or checkpoints (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) that have been holding the immune system at bay. However,
there are still many hurdles to overcome before immunotherapy becomes a universal cancer therapy. For example,
we discuss how the redundant and complex nature of the immune system can impede tumor elimination by teeter
tottering between different polarization states: one eliciting anti-cancer effects while the other promoting cancer
growth and invasion. In addition, we highlight the incapacity of the immune system to choose between a fight or
repair action with respect to tumor growth. Finally we combine these concepts to present a new way to think about
the immune system and immune tolerance, by introducing two new metaphors, the “push the accelerator” and “repair
the car” metaphors, to explain the current limitations associated with cancer immunotherapy
Files in this item
Google Scholar:D’Errico, Gabriele
-
Machado, Heather L.
-
Sainz Jr., Bruno
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Cancer stem cells and macrophages: Implications in tumor biology and therapeutic strategies
Sainz, Bruno; Carron, Emily; Vallespinós, Mireia; Machado, Heather L.
2016 -
Apoptosis en el cáncer de páncreas: ¿el beso de Judas?
D’Errico, Gabriele Antonio
2022-05-27