Beam steering 3D printed dielectric lens antennas for millimeter-wave and 5G applications
Entity
UAM. Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica y de las ComunicacionesPublisher
MDPIDate
2023-08-05Citation
10.3390/s23156961
Sensors 23 (2023): 6961
ISSN
1424-8220DOI
10.3390/s23156961Funded by
This work was supported by the Spanish Government under the following two grants: Grant 1: reference PID2020-116968RB-C32 (acronym DEWICOM), funder “MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion, Spanish government)”. Grant 2: reference TED2021-130650B-C21 (acronym ANT4CLIM), funder 1 “MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion, Spanish government)” and funder 2: “European Union, NextGenerationEU/PRTR”Project
Gobierno de España. PID2020-116968RB-C32; Gobierno de España. TED2021-130650B-C21Editor's Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23156961Subjects
3D printing; 5G; horn antenna; lens antenna; manufacturing by stereolithography; millimeter-wave lens; pencil beam; TelecomunicacionesRights
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, SwitzerlandAbstract
Two types of cost-efficient antennas based on dielectric gradient index dielectric lens have been designed for 5G applications at (Formula presented.). The first is a linearly polarized flat lens antenna (LP-FLA) for terrestrial 5G communications. The second is a novel circularly polarized stepped lens antenna (CP-SLA) for 5G satellite services. An efficient design method is presented to optimize and conform the lens topology to the radiation pattern coming from the antenna feeder. The LP-FLA is fed by a traditional linearly polarized pyramidal horn antenna (PHA). The CP-SLA is fed by an open-ended bow-tie waveguide cavity (BCA) antenna. This cavity feeder (BCA), using cross-sections with bow-tie shapes, allows having circular polarization at the desired frequency bandwidth. The two types of presented antennas have been manufactured in order to verify their performance by an easy, low-cost, three-dimensional (3D) printing technique based on stereolithography. The peak realized gain value for the flat (LP-FLA) and stepped (CP-SLA) lens antennas have been increased at (Formula presented.) to (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.), respectively, by disposing the lens structures at the appropriated distance from the feeders. Likewise, using an array of horns (PHA) or open-ended bow-tie waveguide cavity (BCA) antenna feeders, it is possible to obtain a maximum steering angle range of 20° and 35°, for a directivity over (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.), in the planar and stepped lens antennas, respectively
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Google Scholar:Piroutiniya, Asrin
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Rasekhmanesh, Mohamad Hosein
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Masa Campos, José Luis
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López Hernández, Javier
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García Marín, Eduardo
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Tamayo Domínguez, Adrián
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Sánchez Olivares, Pablo
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Ruiz Cruz, Jorge A.
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