Role of fetal nutrient restriction and postnatal catch-up growth on structural and mechanical alterations of rat aorta
Entity
UAM. Departamento de Fisiología; UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y MicrobiologíaPublisher
Physiological Society; WileyDate
2018-01-01Citation
10.1113/JP275030
The Journal of Physiology 596.23 (2018): 5791-5806
ISSN
0022-3751 (print); 1469-7793 (online)DOI
10.1113/JP275030Funded by
This work was supported by the Ministerio de Econom ́ıa yCompetitividad-Spain (Grant number FEM2015-63631-R)Project
Gobierno de España. FEM2015-63631-REditor's Version
https://doi.org/10.1113/JP275030Subjects
Collagen; Elastin; Fetal programming; Hypertension; IUGR; Sexual dimorphism; Vascular mechanics; Biología y Biomedicina / BiologíaNote
This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Role of fetal nutrient restriction and postnatal catch‐up growth on structural and mechanical alterations of rat aorta, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1113/JP275030. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-ArchivingRights
© 2017 The Authors; © 2017 The Physiological SocietyAbstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), induced by maternal undernutrition, leads to impaired aortic development. This is followed by hypertrophic remodelling associated with accelerated growth during lactation. Fetal nutrient restriction is associated with increased aortic compliance at birth and at weaning, but not in adult animals. This mechanical alteration may be related to a decreased perinatal collagen deposition. Aortic elastin scaffolds purified from young male and female IUGR animals also exhibit increased compliance, only maintained in adult IUGR females. These mechanical alterations may be related to differences in elastin deposition and remodelling. Fetal undernutrition induces similar aortic structural and mechanical alterations in young male and female rats. Our data argue against an early mechanical cause for the sex differences in hypertension development induced by maternal undernutrition. However, the larger compliance of elastin in adult IUGR females may contribute to the maintenance of a normal blood pressure level. Fetal undernutrition programmes hypertension development, males being more susceptible. Deficient fetal elastogenesis and vascular growth is a possible mechanism. We investigated the role of aortic mechanical alterations in a rat model of hypertension programming, evaluating changes at birth, weaning and adulthood. Dams were fed ad libitum (Control) or 50% of control intake during the second half of gestation (maternal undernutrition, MUN). Offspring aged 3 days, 21 days and 6 months were studied. Blood pressure was evaluated in vivo. In the thoracic aorta we assessed gross structure, mechanical properties (intact and purified elastin), collagen and elastin content and internal elastic lamina (IEL) organization. Only adult MUN males developed hypertension (systolic blood pressure: MUN males = 176.6 ± 5.6 mmHg; Control males = 136.1 ± 4.9 mmHg). At birth MUN rats were lighter, with smaller aortic cross-sectional area (MUN males = (1.51 ± 0.08) × 10 5 μm 2 , Control males = (2.8 ± 0.04) × 10 5 μm 2 ); during lactation MUN males and females exhibited catch-up growth and aortic hypertrophy (MUN males = (14.5 ± 0.5) × 10 5 μm 2 , Control males = (10.4 ± 0.9) × 10 5 μm 2 ), maintained until adulthood. MUN aortas were more compliant until weaning (functional stiffness: MUN males = 1.0 ± 0.04; Control males = 1.3 ± 0.03), containing less collagen with larger IEL fenestrae, returning to normal in adulthood. Purified elastin from young MUN offspring was more compliant in both sexes; only MUN adult females maintained larger elastin compliance (slope: MUN females = 24.1 ± 1.9; Control females = 33.3 ± 2.8). Fetal undernutrition induces deficient aortic development followed by hypertrophic remodelling and larger aortic compliance in the perinatal period, with similar alterations in collagen and elastin in both sexes. The observed alterations argue against an initial mechanical cause for sex differences in hypertension development. However, the maintenance of high elastin compliance in adult females might protect them against blood pressure rise
Files in this item
Google Scholar:Gutiérrez-Arzapalo, Perla Y.
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Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Pilar
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Ramiro-Cortijo, David
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López de Pablo León, Ángel Luis
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López-Giménez, María Rosario
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Condezo-Hoyos, Luis
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Greenwald, Stephen E.
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González, Maria del Carmen
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Arribas Rodríguez, Silvia Magdalena
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