El derecho a la educación de los menores refugiados y solicitantes de asilo desde el enfoque basado en los derechos humanos: dificultades, finalidad e intervención educativa

Abstract

Se pretende conocer las principales barreras a las que se enfrenta el alumnado refugiado y solicitante de asilo durante su escolarización en el país de acogida. También se reflexiona sobre qué finalidad persigue la educación de estos menores. Para ello, se lleva a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de diferentes estudios que han ahondado en esta cuestión. Una vez se identifican y describen las dificultades halladas en estas investigaciones, se analiza la problemática desde el Enfoque Basado en Derechos Humanos

The aim objective of this article is to understand the main barriers faced by refugees and asylum-seeking students in the academic context in the host country. It is also especially interesting to discuss about the purpose of educating to these minors. For this reason, we have reviewed different researches, which have focused on this topic. Once we identified and described the most common difficulties found by these studies, the problem will be analyzed using the Approach Based in Human Rights. In this way, it is possible to know the responsibilities of agents involved in the schooling of these minors. States, local authorities, educational centers and teachers are mainly responsible for guaranteeing the right to education of these children. The most common barriers are: the acquisition of the language of the host country, culture, school harassment, xenophobia and lack of teacher training. To solve this current situation, we will present four intervention programs to respond to their specific needs of refugees and asylum-seeking students based on international human rights legislation