Two West Phoenician bronze horse bits in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York): On the function and iconography of the so-called Bronze Carriazo
Title (trans.)
Dos bocados de bronce hispano-fenicios en el Metropolitan Museum of Art (New YorK): En torno a la funcionalidad e iconografía del bronce CarriazoEntity
UAM. Departamento de Prehistoria y ArqueologíaPublisher
Ediciones Universidad de SalamancaDate
2020-06-01Citation
10.14201/zephyrus2020855378
Zephyrus 85 (2020): 53-78
ISSN
0514-7336 (print); 2386-3943 (online)DOI
10.14201/zephyrus2020855378Editor's Version
https://doi.org/10.14201/zephyrus2020855378Subjects
Bronzes; Horse harness; Iberian Peninsula; Orientalising Period; Religion; ArqueologíaRights
© Universidad de SalamancaAbstract
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York, exhibits two bronze plaques which reproduce the iconography of the famous Spanish item known as 'Bronce Carriazo'. They are considered as lateral cheeks of a horse bridle bit cast by a West Phoenician workshop around the 7th century bc. They present some iconographic and, above all, technical differences with the Sevillian piece. These horse harness pieces represent the goddess qudšu 'ǎtart, a winged warrior divinity linked to the Phoenician royalty. The two heads of birds at the upper edges seem to configure the bow and the stern of a solar boat (the sun itself is symbolized in a central rosette). It would be the solar ship that sails through a water sky, depicting the trip to the otherworld in the extreme West. These Hispanic-Phoenician bronzes are inspired by the oriental repertoires and they reflect the assumption of a mythical and religious ideology, strongly rooted in Orient, by the western Iberian aristocracies throughout the Early Iron Age. En el Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, se conservan dos placas de bronce que reproducen
la iconografía del célebre Bronce Carriazo. Se consideran camas laterales de un bocado de caballo elaborado por
un taller fenicio occidental en torno al s. vii a. C., y presentan algunas diferencias iconográficas y, sobre todo,
técnicas, con la conocida pieza sevillana. Los bocados representan a la diosa qudšu ’aštart, una divinidad alada
guerrera vinculada a la realeza fenicia. Las dos cabezas de ánades a ambos extremos parecen formar la proa y la
popa de una barca solar, con el sol simbolizado en una roseta central, pues el barco solar realizaba el viaje al más
allá en el extremo Occidente, navegando por un cielo de agua. Estas producciones de bronces hispano-fenicios,
inspiradas en los repertorios orientales, reflejan la asunción por las aristocracias orientalizantes de la Península
Ibérica de una ideología y simbología mítica y religiosa de raigambre oriental en el Hierro Antiguo
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Google Scholar:Jiménez Ávila, F. Javier
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Mederos Martín, Alfredo
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