Cigarette smoke induces pulmonary arterial dysfunction through an imbalance in the redox status of the soluble guanylyl cyclase
Entity
UAM. Departamento de MedicinaPublisher
ElsevierDate
2022-09-26Citation
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.026
Free Radical Biology and Medicine 193 (2022): 9-22
ISSN
0891-5849 (print); 1873-4596 (online)DOI
10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.026Funded by
The Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, ´ Programa Retos en Investigacion ´ (grant number PID2019-104406RB-100) to MJC provided the financial support for the conduct of the research included in this manuscript. Garantia Juvenil program from Comunidad de Madrid contributed with the research assistant contract to M-R, OProject
Gobierno de España. PID2019-104406RB-100Editor's Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.026Subjects
Cigarette smoke; COPD; Mitochondrial superoxide; NADPH oxidases; NRF2; Pulmonary artery; sGC; Vasodilation; MedicinaAbstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), whose main risk factor is cigarette smoking (CS), is one of the most common diseases globally. Some COPD patients also develop pulmonary hypertension (PH), a severe complication that leads to premature death. Evidence suggests reactive oxygen species (ROS) involvement in COPD and PH, especially regarding pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) dysfunction. However, the effects of CS-driven oxidative stress on the pulmonary vasculature are not completely understood. Herein we provide evidence on the effects of CS extract (CSE) exposure on PASMC regarding ROS production, antioxidant response and its consequences on vascular tone dysregulation. Our results indicate that CSE exposure promotes mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased mitochondrial superoxide levels. However, this superoxide increase did not parallel a counterbalancing antioxidant response in human pulmonary artery (PA) cells. Interestingly, the mitochondrial superoxide scavenger mitoTEMPO reduced mitochondrial fission and membrane potential depolarization caused by CSE. As we have previously shown, CSE reduces PA vasoconstriction and vasodilation. In this respect, mitoTEMPO prevented the impaired nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation, while vasoconstriction remained reduced. Finally, we observed a CSE-driven downregulation of the Cyb5R3 enzyme, which prevents soluble guanylyl cyclase oxidation in PASMC. This might explain the CSE-mediated decrease in PA vasodilation. These results provide evidence that there might be a connection between mitochondrial ROS and altered vasodilation responses in PH secondary to COPD, and strongly support the potential of antioxidant strategies specifically targeting mitochondria as a new therapy for these diseases
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Google Scholar:Sevilla Montero, J.
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Munar Rubert, O.
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Pino Fadón, J.
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Aguilar Latorre, C.
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Villegas Esguevillas, M.
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Climent, B.
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Agrò, M.
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Choya Foces, C.
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Martínez Ruiz, A.
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Balsa, E.
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Muñoz Calleja, C.
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Gómez Punter, R. M.
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Vázquez Espinosa, E.
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Cogolludo, A.
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Calzada, M. J.
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