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RET Fusion Testing in Patients With NSCLC: The RETING Study
(Elsevier, 2024-04) Esteban Rodríguez, María Isabel; Castro, Javier de; Rojo, Federico; Dómine Gómez, Manuel; Provencio Pulla, Mariano; Provencio Pulla, Mariano; Gobierno de España; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Comunidad de Madrid; Departamento de Anatomía Patológica; Facultad de Medicina; Departamento de Medicina
Introduction RET inhibitors with impressive overall response rates are now available for patients with NSCLC, yet the identification of RET fusions remains a difficult challenge. Most guidelines encourage the upfront use of next-generation sequencing (NGS), or alternatively, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) when NGS is not possible or available. Taken together, the suboptimal performance of single-analyte assays to detect RET fusions, although consistent with the notion of encouraging universal NGS, is currently widening some of the clinical practice gaps in the implementation of predictive biomarkers in patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods This situation prompted us to evaluate several RET assays in a large multicenter cohort of RET fusion–positive NSCLC (n = 38) to obtain real-world data. In addition to RNA-based NGS (the criterion standard method), all positive specimens underwent break-apart RET FISH with two different assays and were also tested by an RT-PCR assay. Results The most common RET partners were KIF5B (78.9%), followed by CCDC6 (15.8%). The two RET NGS-positive but FISH-negative samples contained a KIF5B(15)-RET(12) fusion. The three RET fusions not identified with RT-PCR were AKAP13(35)-RET(12), KIF5B(24)-RET(9) and KIF5B(24)-RET(11). All three false-negative RT-PCR cases were FISH-positive, exhibited a typical break-apart pattern, and contained a very high number of positive tumor cells with both FISH assays. Signet ring cells, psammoma bodies, and pleomorphic features were frequently observed (in 34.2%, 39.5%, and 39.5% of tumors, respectively). Conclusions In-depth knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of the different RET testing methodologies could help clinical and molecular tumor boards implement and maintain sensible algorithms for the rapid and effective detection of RET fusions in patients with NSCLC. The likelihood of RET false-negative results with both FISH and RT-PCR reinforces the need for upfront NGS in patients with NSCLC.
Cognitive and non-cognitive factors as predictors of academic performance
(Elsevier, 2024-12) Privado, Jesús; Pérez Eizaguirre, Miren; Martínez-Rodríguez, Marta; Ponce de Leon, Luis; Departamento de Música; Departamento Interfacultativo: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras y Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Attempts have been made to predict academic performance (AP) from different factors, but in most cases it has been done with one measure or by combining two. We propose a study in which as predictors of AP we use: intelligence, estimated based on six factors (Gf, Gc, Gv, Gs, Gsm and Gy), general factor of personality, motivation (intrinsic, achievement and fear of failure), emotional intelligence, study skills, and psychopathology (anxiety, depression and stress). We evaluated 603 primary and secondary school students aged 12.88 (SD = 1.47), 47.6 % female. Results coming from structural equation modeling indicate that AP in primary school is explained by g (β = 0.40), Gf (β = 0.24), psychopathology (β = −0.17) and personality (β = 0.86) (Goodness of fit: GFI = 0,983, NFI = 0,916, SRMR = 0,089); and in secondary school by g (β = 0.64), Gs (β = 0.29) and personality (β = 0.68) (Goodness of fit: GFI = 0.990, NFI = 0.884, SRMR = 0.098). The results coincide with previous studies, with small discrepancies that may be due to the use of multiple predictors of AP. In conclusion, cognitive factors appear to be the best predictor of AP in primary and secondary school
Efficacy of Digital Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Repetitive Negative Thinking: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis
(Springer Nature, 2024-02-29) Vargas Nieto, Juan Camilo; Zambrano, Danilo; Montorio Cerrato, Ignacio María; Sanabria, Lina M.; Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud; Facultad de Psicología
Objectives: With the development of new digital technologies, the dissemination of digital mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) has spread notably in recent years. However, questions remain about their empirical validity and their effectiveness and limitations in addressing clinically relevant mechanisms. We sought to examine the efficacy of self-administered digital MBIs for the treatment of repetitive negative thinking (RNT). Method: Studies were identified from electronic databases of Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest. Three reviewers independently scanned articles for inclusion and data extraction. Additional mindfulness and RNT research indicators were obtained through descriptive data visualization techniques using bibliometric analysis. Results: Eleven RCTs and two pilot RCTs were included with a total of 4509 participants. At post-treatment, ten studies reported statistically significant improvements in the condition of the MBIs in measures of RNT compared to control with effect sizes ranging from small to large (d = 0.18;0.77), and three studies found no evidence of significant effects associated with digital MBIs. However, the poor quality of some of the findings given the risk of bias assessment means that these results should be interpreted with discretion. Conclusions: Digital MBIs could be considered a promising alternative to decrease RNT and increase mindfulness skills compared to other active and passive control conditions. However, more studies with higher methodological quality, better-balanced samples, longer follow-ups, and a more rigorous evaluation of their possible adverse effects are required
Perioperative chemoimmunotherapy induces strong immune responses and long-term survival in patients with HLA class I-deficient non-small cell lung cancer
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2024-10-20) Molina Alejandre, Marta; Calvo de Juan, Virginia; Provencio Pulla, Mariano; Gobierno de España; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; European Commission; Comunidad de Madrid; Facultad de Medicina; Departamento de Medicina
Background Loss of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) are common events implicated in the primary resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to immunotherapy. However, there is no data on perioperative chemoimmunotherapy (ChIO) efficacy or response mechanisms in the context of HLA class I defects. Methods Baseline HLA class I tumor status (HLA-deficient (HLA-DEF) or HLA-proficient (HLA-PRO)) was determined by DNA LOH combined with immunohistochemistry for protein levels in tissue of 24 patients with NSCLC treated with perioperative nivolumab plus chemotherapy from NADIM trial (NCT03081689). We integrated HLA tumor status with molecular data (programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), TMB, TCR repertoire, TILs populations, bulk RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomics (ST)) and clinical outcomes (pathological response and survival data) to study the activity of perioperative ChIO considering HLA class I defects. Results HLA-DEF tumors comprised 41.7% of analyzed tumors and showed a desert-like microenvironment at baseline, with lower PD-L1 levels and reduced immune infiltrate. However, perioperative ChIO induced similar complete pathological response (CPR) rates in both HLA-DEF and PRO tumors (50% and 60% respectively, p=0.670), as well as 3-year survival rates: Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of 70% (95% CI 32.9% to 89.2%) for HLA-DEF, and PFS 71.4% (95% CI 40.6% to 88.2%) and OS 92.9% (95% CI 59.1% to 99.0%) for HLA-PRO (log-rank PFS p=0.909, OS p=0.137). Proof-of-concept ST analysis of a CPR HLA-DEF tumor after ChIO showed a strong immune response with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), CD4+T cells with HLA class II colocalization, and activated CD8+T cells. Conclusions Our findings highlight the activity of perioperative ChIO, and the potential role of TLS and T-cell immune response, in NSCLC HLA-DEF tumors
Labor Market Duality and Leisure Industries in Spain: Quality of Life Versus Standard of Living
(Wiley, 2008-10-16) Paramio Salcines, Juan Luis; Zofío Prieto, José Luis; Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
We discuss the effects that the emergence of the new postindustrial form of flexible capitalist organization has on the Spanish labor market and, by extension, on the working life of two representative groups of employees characterized by their casual and stable working conditions. This brings a growing duality in the labor market, where individuals who cannot escape casual employment coexist with those enjoying long-term contracts. This concern includes how these changes affect the nature and the ways in which these particular groups understand quality of life and standard of living, which in turn serves to call into question the “end of work” and the expected “leisure society.” In addition, we highlight several circumstances that illustrate a decay in job quality and working conditions, particularly the increase in working hours. Parallel to this process we identify a work-and-spend behavior, resulting in overspent families that exhibit financial fragility and give up quality of life, associated with more free time, for higher living standards, which demand an increasing job commitment. Free time from work has become a scarce resource in Spain, and for those individuals belonging to what is known as the “new leisure class,” it is associated with high-spending leisure activities, which has increased the economic importance of leisure industries
Alea Iacta Est! Impact of Musical Training on the Perception of Aleatoric Music
(University of Illinois Press, 2025-04-01) Ponce de León Barranco, Luis; Privado, Jesús; Martínez Rodríguez, Marta; Pérez Eizaguirre, Miren; Departamento de Música; Departamento Interfacultativo: Facultad de Filosofía y Letras y Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
El propósito de este estudio fue determinar en qué medida las personas con y sin formación musical responden de forma diferente a fragmentos musicales manipulados con aleatoriedad: aleatoriedad en la duración, aleatoriedad en la altura y aleatoriedad en la duración y la altura simultáneamente. Además del reconocimiento de un fragmento como musical, queríamos determinar si las personas experimentan un mayor o menor gusto por lo que escuchan y si escuchar estos fragmentos las relaja o las excita. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un diseño cuasiexperimental donde se generaron 13 fragmentos musicales con diferentes grados de aleatoriedad, a partir de una melodía compuesta para el propósito de este estudio. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 124 participantes, algunos de los cuales habían recibido formación musical de conservatorio. Las diferencias en la percepción de fragmentos musicales aleatorios frente a no aleatorios fueron mayores cuando los oyentes tenían formación musical y cuando la aleatoriedad involucraba duración y altura simultáneamente. El impacto en el oyente de la aleatoriedad en un fragmento musical puede ser de interés para futuras innovaciones en los campos de la composición, la educación musical y la musicoterapia
Corrigendum: Poor prognostic factors of pharmacokinetic origin predict outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α
(Frontiers, 2024-02-27) Spencer, Elizabeth A.; Dubinsky, Marla C.; Kamm, Michael A.; Chaparro Sánchez, María; Gionchetti, Paolo; Rizzello, Fernando; Pérez Gisbert, Francisco Javier; Wright, Emily K.; Schulberg, Julien D.; Hamilton, Amy L.; McGovern, Dermot P. B.; Dervieux, Thierry; Departamento de Medicina; Facultad de Medicina
Poor prognostic factors of pharmacokinetic origin predict outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α
(Frontiers, 2024-01-23) Spencer, Elizabeth A.; Dubinsky, Marla C.; Kamm, Michael A.; Chaparro Sánchez, María; Gionchetti, Paolo; Rizzello, Fernando; Pérez Gisbert, Francisco Javier; Wright, Emily K.; Schulberg, Julien D.; Hamilton, Amy L.; McGovern, Dermot P. B.; Dervieux, Thierry; Departamento de Medicina; Facultad de Medicina
Introduction: We evaluated baseline Clearance of anti-tumor necrosis factors and human leukocyte antigen variant (HLA DQA1*05) in combination as poor prognostic factors (PPF) of pharmacokinetic (PK) origin impacting immune response (formation of antidrug antibodies) and disease control of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients treated with infliximab or adalimumab. Methods: Baseline Clearance was estimated in IBD patients before starting treatment using weight and serum albumin concentrations. HLA DQA1*05 carrier status (rs2097432 A/G or G/G variant) was measured using real time polymerase chain reaction. The outcomes consisted of immune response, clinical and biochemical remission (C-reactive protein<3 mg/L in the absence of symptoms), and endoscopic remission (SES-CD<3). Statistical analysis consisted of logistic regression and nonlinear mixed effect models. Results and discussion: In 415 patients enrolled from 4 different cohorts (median age 27 [IQR: 15-43] years, 46% females), Clearance>0.326 L/day and HLA DQA1*05 carrier status were 2-fold more likely to have antidrug antibodies (OR=2.3, 95%CI: 1.7-3.4; p<0.001, and OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.4-2.8; p<0.001, respectively). Overall, each incremental PPF of PK origin resulted in a 2-fold (OR=2.16, 95%CI: 1.7-2.7; p<0.01) higher likelihood of antidrug antibody formation. The presence of both PPF of PK origin resulted in higher rates of antidrug antibodies (p<0.01) and lower clinical and biochemical remission (p<0.01). Each incremental increase in PPF of PK origin associated with lower likelihood of endoscopic remission (OR=0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.7; p<0.001). Prior biologic experience heightened the negative impact of PPF of PK origin on clinical and biochemical remission (p<0.01). Implementation of proactive therapeutic drug monitoring reduced it, particularly during maintenance and in the presence of higher drug concentrations (p<0.001). We conclude that PPF of PK origin, including both higher Clearance and carriage of HLA DQA1*05, impact outcomes in patients with IBD
Characterization of the nature of organic matter in carbonate rocks: Implications for geological and environmental studies
(Wiley, 2026-02-26) Moya Cuenca, Alicia; Chowdhury, Rajkumar; Perrette, Yves; Giraud, Fabienne; Charlet, Laurent; Sandt, Christophe; Chauvet, Hugo; Jamme, Frederic; Driessche, Alexander Van; Fernández Martínez, Alejandro; Departamento de Química Física Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias
Organic matter in carbonate rocks plays a crucial role in processes such as fluid flow regulation,carbon sequestration, contaminant transport, and hydrocarbon recovery. This study employed multimodalspectroscopic techniques, including fluorescence imaging and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy,to characterize the spatial distribution and spectral characteristics of organic matter in carbonate rocks bycomparing bioclastic and non‐bioclastic components. Fluorescence hyperspectral analysis revealedheterogeneous distribution within the carbonate framework. UV fluorescence appears preferentially associatedwith bioclastic grains, whereas visible fluorescence is more broadly distributed and more pronounced inreservoir samples. Variations in spectral features, including differences in the relative contributions of tyrosine‐and tryptophan‐like emission, highlight contrasts among bioclastic components such as red algae and mollusksand reveal the critical role of biominerals in tunning surface chemistry and wettability. These findings highlightthe heterogeneity and complexity of organic matter in carbonate rocks, offering insights into diagenesis, organicmatter preservation, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions with implications for rock characterization andresource management. FTIR microspectroscopy provides complementary information on organic functionalgroups and supports the heterogeneous distribution of organic matter inferred from fluorescence mapping.While these spectroscopic signatures do not provide direct molecular identification, the combined spatial andspectral observations suggest that preserved or altered organic matter contributes to variations in surfacechemistry and wettability in carbonate rocks. These results underscore the complexity of organic matterpreservation in carbonates and demonstrate the potential of fluorescence hyperspectral imaging as a frameworkfor future method validation studies addressing carbonate diagenesis, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, andreservoir characterization
Aproximación a la equivalencia entre asco y grima mediante un análisis de dominios y contextos
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-07-04) Schweiger Gallo, Inge; Rodríguez Monter, Miryam; Cuenca, Cristina; Fernández Dols, José Miguel; Belli, Simone; Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología; Facultad de Psicología
A pesar del creciente interés por la grima en los últimos años debido a su relevancia como una emoción culturalmente específica del ámbito español, aún desconocemos en gran medida su delimitación con respecto a la emoción del asco. En esta investigación abordamos la comprensión de las experiencias de grima mediante una metodología que combina enfoques deductivos e inductivos. Los resultados sugieren que la mayoría de las experiencias están relacionadas con situaciones que involucran chirridos y el arañado de superficies, seguidas de situaciones relacionadas con un dominio del asco conocido como trasgresiones de la envoltura corporal. Asimismo, se observó que las experiencias de grima eran más frecuentes en entornos educativos, aunque abarcaban una amplia gama de contextos, a excepción del ámbito institucional. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y metodológicas de estos resultados
A plain language summary of the PHAROS study: the combination of encorafenib and binimetinib for people with BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer
(Taylor and Francis Group, 2024-02-15) Riely, Gregory J.; Provencio Pulla, Mariano; Facultad de Medicina; Departamento de Medicina
This is a summary of the results of a study called PHAROS. This study looked at combination treatment with encorafenib (BRAFTOVI®) and binimetinib (MEKTOVI®). This combination of medicines was studied in people with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NSCLC is the most common type of lung cancer. Metastatic means that the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. All people in this study had a type of NSCLC that has a change in a gene called BRAF termed a BRAF V600E mutation. A gene is a part of the DNA that has instructions for making things that your body needs to work, and the BRAF V600E mutation contributes to the growth of the lung cancer
An international multicentre study of SwiTching from Intravenous to subcutaneous inflixiMab and vEdolizumab in inflammatory bowel diseases: The TIME study
(Wiley, 2024-07-09) D'Amico, Ferdinando; Chaparro Sánchez, María; Pérez Gisbert, Francisco Javier; Departamento de Medicina; Facultad de Medicina
Background and Aims Subcutaneous (SC) formulations of infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) are approved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of switching from intravenous (IV) to SC formulations of IFX and VDZ in IBDs. Methods This multicentre, retrospective study collected data of adult patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) switched to SC IFX or VDZ. The primary endpoint was clinical remission at 12 months stratified based on timing of switch. A composite endpoint consisting of therapy discontinuation, reverse-switch, need for steroids, and drug optimization was evaluated. A multivariate analysis investigated the association between patients' characteristics and outcomes. Results Two hundred and thirty-one patients (59% UC, 53% male, mean age 44 ± 15 years, 68% IFX) from 13 centres were included. The switch occurred at Week 6 in a third of cases (36%). Median time to switch was 13 months. Most patients switched to SC IFX and VDZ were in clinical remission at 3 (87% and 77%), 6 (86% and 83%) and 12 (63% and 60%) months. In the multivariate analysis, there was no difference in clinical remission rate at 12 months; however, patients switched at Week 6 had a higher rate of experiencing any therapeutic changes at 3 (false discovery rate (FDR) = .002), 6 (FDR <1 × 10−10) or 12 months (FDR = .08). Clinical disease activity at baseline (only in UC) (FDR = .07) and previous exposure to biologics (FDR = .001) were risk factors for composite endpoint at 6 and 12 months. Conclusion SC IFX and VDZ are effective in daily clinical practice in IBD patients. Switching patients in remission reduces the risk of negative outcomes
A genetic profiling guideline to support diagnosis and clinical management of lymphomas
(Springer, 2023-09-06) Sánchez-Beato Gómez, Margarita; Méndez García, Miriam; Guirado, María; Pedrosa Pérez, Lucía; Sequero, Silvia; Yangüas Casás, Natalia; Cruz Merino, Luis de la; Gálvez, Laura; Llanos, Marta; García, Juan Fernando; Provencio Pulla, Mariano; Gobierno de España; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Comunidad de Madrid; Facultad de Medicina; Departamento de Medicina
The new lymphoma classifications (International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms, and 5th World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms) include genetics as an integral part of lymphoma diagnosis, allowing better lymphoma subclassification, patient risk stratification, and prediction of treatment response. Lymphomas are characterized by very few recurrent and disease-specific mutations, and most entities have a heterogenous genetic landscape with a long tail of recurrently mutated genes. Most of these occur at low frequencies, reflecting the clinical heterogeneity of lymphomas. Multiple studies have identified genetic markers that improve diagnostics and prognostication, and next-generation sequencing is becoming an essential tool in the clinical laboratory. This review provides a “next-generation sequencing” guide for lymphomas. It discusses the genetic alterations of the most frequent mature lymphoma entities with diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive potential and proposes targeted sequencing panels to detect mutations and copy-number alterations for B- and NK/T-cell lymphomas
On the use of DiaPer models and matching algorithm for RTVE speaker diarization 2024 dataset
(Elsevier, 2026-02-06) Álvarez Trejos, Juan Ignacio; Barahona Quirós, Sara; Herrera Alarcon, Laura; Touati, Jérémie; Lozano Díez, Alicia; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica y de las Comunicaciones; Escuela Politécnica Superior
Speaker diarization in broadcast media presents significant challenges due to long-duration recordings, numerous speakers, and complex acoustic conditions. End-to-end neural diarization models like DiaPer (Diarization with Perceiver), which directly predict speaker activity from audio features without intermediate clustering steps, have shown promising results. However, their application to extended recordings remains computationally prohibitive due to quadratic complexity with respect to input length. This paper addresses these limitations by proposing a framework that applies DiaPer to short audio chunks and subsequently reconciles speaker identities across segments using a matching algorithm. We systematically analyze optimal chunk durations for DiaPer processing and introduce an enhanced chunk-matching algorithm leveraging state-of-the-art speaker embeddings, comparing Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in Time Delay Neural Network (ECAPA-TDNN), Residual Networks (ResNet), and Reshape Dimensions Network (ReDimNet) architectures. Our experimental evaluation on the challenging Radio Televisión Española (RTVE) datasets shows that ReDimNet embeddings consistently outperform alternatives, achieving substantial improvements in speaker identity consistency across segments. The proposed approach yields a Diarization Error Rate (DER) of 17.34% on the RTVE 2024 test set, which is competitive with state-of-the-art systems while achieving a 63.6% relative improvement over the baseline DiaPer model applied directly to complete audio recordings. This demonstrates that end-to-end neural approaches can be successfully extended to hour-long recordings while maintaining computational efficiency
The impact of individual differences in the holistic-analytic thinking style and product incongruences on word of mouth
(Sage, 2024-05-30) Santos Velasco, David; Sayin, Eda; Requero Bravo, Blanca; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Psicología Social y Metodología; Facultad de Psicología
Individuals are regularly exposed to incongruences in their product or brand encounters (e.g., Moschino Cheap and Chic or Neutrogena Deep Clean Gentle). This research examines how individuals’ reactions towards such incongruences may differ based on their inherent thinking styles. Across two studies, we demonstrated that holistic (vs. analytic) thinkers exhibited greater willingness to engage in positive word of mouth for products with incongruent (vs. congruent) elements. Prior research mainly explored the effect of thinking styles on individuals’ evaluations of incongruent information comprised of both positive and negative characteristics. This research shows that even similarly positive but conceptually incongruent characteristics may cause different reactions based on individuals’ thinking styles
MAP1B regulates microtubule dynamics by sequestering EB1/3 in the cytosol of developing neuronal cells
(Springer, 2013-04-09) Tortosa Binacua, Elena; Galjart, Niels; Ávila, Jesús; Sayas, Carmen Laura; Gobierno de España; Comunidad de Madrid; Facultad de Medicina; Departamento de Farmacología
MAP1B, a structural microtubule (MT)‐associated protein highly expressed in developing neurons, plays a key role in neurite and axon extension. However, not all molecular mechanisms by which MAP1B controls MT dynamics during these processes have been revealed. Here, we show that MAP1B interacts directly with EB1 and EB3 (EBs), two core ‘microtubule plus‐end tracking proteins’ (+TIPs), and sequesters them in the cytosol of developing neuronal cells. MAP1B overexpression reduces EBs binding to plus‐ends, whereas MAP1B downregulation increases binding of EBs to MTs. These alterations in EBs behaviour lead to changes in MT dynamics, in particular overstabilization and looping, in growth cones of MAP1B‐deficient neurons. This contributes to growth cone remodelling and a delay in axon outgrowth. Together, our findings define a new and crucial role of MAP1B as a direct regulator of EBs function and MT dynamics during neurite and axon extension. Our data provide a new layer of MT regulation: a classical MAP, which binds to the MT lattice and not to the end, controls effective concentration of core +TIPs thereby regulating MTs at their plus‐ends
Screening of enzyme-producing mushroom species able to grow on beach wracks from Mar Menor lagoon for their valorization
(Springer, 2026-02-26) Figueredo, Sara; Ruiz Rodríguez, Alejandro; Marín Martín, Francisco Ramón; Soler Rivas, Cristina; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Química Física Aplicada; Facultad de Ciencias
Large amounts of algal beach wracks are accumulating on the shores of the Mar Menor lagoon due to its ecological imbalance. This biomass is collected and discarded in landfills without any added value. In an attempt to valorize this material, semi-solid media including dried algal wracks with or without prior dialysis, wheat straw and mycological malt extract agar (as control) were prepared to cultivate edible mushroom mycelia. The fungal enzymatic activities were analyzed to assess their potential to produce valuable enzymes for biotechnological applications, such as the food industry. The results indicated that Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ferulae, Flammulina velutipes, Hypsizygus tessulatus, Pholiota nameko, and Lentinula edodes could grow on both dialyzed and non-dialyzed algal wracks, while Ganoderma lucidum showed poor growth. Notably, most species produced more biomass on the algal wracks than on wheat straw, a standard substrate for mushroom cultivation. Non-dialyzed algal wracks stimulated the production (intramycelial) and secretion (extramycelial) of xylanases, particularly in L. edodes, F. velutipes, and H. tessulatus. When grown on dialyzed wracks, cellulase activity was mainly enhanced in P. ferulae, F. velutipes, and A. bisporus, and proteolytic activity was highest in F. velutipes and H. tessulatus. In contrast, the wracks were not suitable for inducing α-amylase activity. The production of laccases and peroxidases was more species-dependent than influenced by the tested substrate
Improvement in the efficiency of silicon PV modules with a highly luminescent copper(I)-I-based coordination compound by using different processing strategies
(Elsevier, 2026-02-11) Garsed, Ricardo; Brito-Santos, Gabriela; Hernández Rodríguez, Cecilio; Guerrero Lemus, Ricardo; Salavagione, Horacio J.; Gómez-Fatou, Marian; Lifante Pedrola, Ginés; Troyano Prieto, Javier; Amo Ochoa, María Pilar; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Departamento de Física de Materiales; Facultad de Ciencias
This research shows how the copper(I) iodide coordination compound, [Cu4I6(pr-ted)2] (pr-ted = 1-propyl-1,4- diazobiciclo[2.2.2]octan-1-ium) can be an excellent downshifter to improve the efficiency of commercial multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) photovoltaic (PV) modules. This compound was selected for its intense green emission, high photoluminescence quantum yield, high thermal stability, and single-step synthesis in water/ethanol at room temperature. Different types of configurations were investigated to integrate it into mc-Si PV modules. Thus, microcrystalline powder was deposited as a thin layer or as part of a composite film by means of its dispersion in commercial ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Both the transparency and concentration have been studied as critical factors that influence the resulting external quantum efficiency and the power conversion efficiency of the modified PV modules. The efficiency improvements are very relevant compared to previous examples based on lanthanides. Depending on the method used for the deposition on the PV module, different efficiency increases can be achieved reaching 0.36% and up to 0.42% with 0.05 and 0.1 mg/cm2 of compound. The composite film approach enables the industrial manufacture of EVA modified with the downshifter. Accordingly, large-scale hot-pressing production of [Cu4I6(pr-ted)2]@EVA films was carried out
Negotiating sociolinguistic justice. Turning spaces of inequality into spaces of conscientization
(De Gruyter, 2025-02-03) Martín Rojo, Luisa; Pujolar, Joan; Amorrortu, Estibaliz; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Lingüística General, Lógica y Filosofía de la Ciencia, Lenguas Modernas, Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, Estudios de Asia Oriental; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
Arqueología Experimental o lo tedioso del proceso de investigación experimental
(UAM Ediciones, 2025-12-05) Baena Preysler, Javier; García Natale, Martín Julio; Torres Navas, Concepción; Gobierno de España; Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
La Arqueología Experimental (AE) permite reconstruir procesos tecnológicos antiguos a través de la reproducción de técnicas y herramientas. Sin embargo, su comprensión suele estar teñida de un enfoque lúdico, donde las actividades replicativas se perciben más como una demostración de destrezas personales que como una investigación rigurosa. Aunque este enfoque tiene un valor pedagógico y de difusión indudable, corre el riesgo de desviar la atención de los objetivos científicos y metodológicos que subyacen a la experimentación. Este artículo aborda las tensiones inherentes entre la vertiente lúdica de la AE y la necesidad de mantener estándares rigurosos de investigación. A través de una reflexión crítica, se destacan los retos asociados a la recopilación de datos, el diseño experimental y la consideración ética en los proyectos de AE

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