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Bird mortality on high-speed railways: lessons from two large contrasting species
(Nature Research, 2025-09-25) Mata Estacio, Cristina; Malo Arrazola, Juan Esteban; García de la Morena, Eladio L.; Hervás, Israel; Santamaría, Ana E.; Herranz Barrera, Jesús; Ecología y Conservación de Ecosistemas Terrestres (EXP C-049); Departamento de Ecología; Facultad de Ciencias
Collisions are the chief effect of transport infrastructures on vertebrate populations, but their relevance in high-speed railways (HSR) is largely unknown. We analyzed Great Bustard (Otis tarda) and Eurasian Eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) mortality along two 5-km stretches of a Spanish HSR. Five fresh bustards and 10 owl carcasses were collected during 40 weeks of monitoring over two years, plus older remains of 14 bustards and 17 owls more. Relevant mortalities of both bird species thus occur, and according to complementary results differences in local use of the infrastructure explain their spatial patterns. Bustards die at points where they fly across optimizing their local movements, while owls probably die while hunting the abundant rabbits present on railway verges. The case alerts about potential bird mortality due to HSR and exemplifies how impact prediction, evaluation, and mitigation must accommodate species’ characteristics to be successful
Do Peri-Urban Areas Act as Refuges for the European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)?
(MDPI, 2025-09-17) Cabrera, Ana; Mata Estacio, Cristina; Malo Arrazola, Juan Esteban; Ecología y Conservación de Ecosistemas Terrestres (EXP C-049); Departamento de Ecología; Facultad de Ciencias
The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a key species in many Mediterranean ecosystems, especially as prey for numerous Iberian predators. Due to its population decline and spatially heterogeneous recovery following different diseases, there is a need to understand the factors driving local abundance, and a potential refuge effect of anthropized sites has been speculated. In this study, 18 peri-urban areas in Central Spain were selected and a rabbit abundance index was measured in those areas and in parallel controls. Urban occupation and vegetation cover around sampling points were measured, as well as distance to roads, forest patches, and rivers, as factors which can drive rabbit abundance. Linear models were built to unravel general trends in data, from the perspectives of vegetation vs. human occupation and larger landscape-scale effects on rabbit abundance. Negative effects of urban development, distance to roads and proportion of pastures on rabbit abundance were identified, in addition to a positive effect of distance to large forest patches. Regarding urbanization, differences were found among urban types, with a significant negative effect of single-family residential occupation in comparison with multi-family and commercial/industrial occupation. In short, urbanization affects rabbit density, but it does not produce a generalized refuge area surrounding human settlements
Los centros privados concertados y la segregación escolar del alumnado inmigrante de secundaria en España y sus comunidades autónomas
(Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: Grupo de Investigación Cambio Educativo para la Justicia Social (GICE), 2024-12-01) Guiral Borruel, Claudia; Murillo Torrecilla, Francisco Javier; Departamento de Pedagogía; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
This research seeks to determine the impact of school ownership on the school segregation of students with immigrant background, and of socioeconomically disadvantaged immigrant students in publicly funded secondary schools in Spain and its autonomous communities. To achieve this, we use micro-data from PISA 2022. Specifically, we decompose the school segregation, estimated using the Hutchens index, into the segregation within the public-school sector and within the private subsidized sector, as well as the segregation between both sectors. Our findings reveal that, in Spain, the uneven distribution of students with immigrant background between the public and the private sectors accounts for 4.9% of school segregation in publicly funded secondary schools, rising to 7.3% for socioeconomically disadvantaged students with immigrant background. However, this percentage rises reaching 21.4% in the Region of Valencia and 15.2% in the Community of Madrid for all pupils with immigrant background; and to 20.4% in the Region of Murcia and 18.3% in La Rioja for the most disadvantaged pupils with immigrant background. With this, we conclude that policies are necessary to enforce strict compliance with regulations, suspending or not renewing public funding of private schools if they are violated, with a view to clearly prioritising public education
Intensity of emotional experience according to physical condition in Physical Education sessions in Primary Education
(Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF), 2024-10-01) Argudo Iturriaga, Francisco Manuel; Ruiz Lara, Encarnación; Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
The aim of this study was to determine the intensity of the emotional experience according to physical condition from a gender perspective, based on Body Mass Index and perceived fatigue; in motor games played on land, in the aquatic environment, in psychomotor situations and in socio-motor situations; in Physical Education sessions in Primary Education. The design was descriptive with a post-test and quantitative methodology. An applied study was carried out in a natural context. The pupils were chosen through non-probabilistic sampling for ease of access and intentionality, respecting the ecology in the distribution of the participants in each group-class. The data was collected using the Games and Emotions Scale for Children (Alcaraz-Muñoz, 2015); the Children's Perceived Exertion Measurement Scale (Rodríguez-Nuñez, 2015); and anthropometric values by an ISAK level II accredited person. It is concluded that there are significant differences according to physical condition, from a gender perspective, based on BMI and perceived fatigue; intensity in emotional experience, in humour, happiness, affection, joy, anger and fear, in the four domains and in both environments
Intensidad emocional en las sesiones de educación física en educación primaria
(Juan Carlos Muñoz Díaz, 2024-11) Argudo Iturriaga, Francisco Manuel; Ruiz Lara, Encarnación; Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las emociones que experimentan los alumnos de Educación Primaria durante las clases de Educación Física en distintos medios y en diferentes dominios de acción motriz. El diseño fue descriptivo con post-test. Se realizó un estudio aplicado en un contexto natural. Los alumnos fueron elegidos a través de un muestreo no probabilístico por facilidad de acceso e intencionalidad, respetando la ecología en la distribución de los participantes en cada grupo-clase. La recogida de los datos se realizó mediante el Games and Emotions Scale for Children. Se concluye que en todos los dominios de acción motriz en ambos medios las emociones positivas generadas son más intensas que las negativas. Tanto en el medio terrestre como en el acuático, los juegos sociomotores de colaboración, son los que generan la vivencia emocional positiva más intensa
Desigualdades en el acceso a la educación superior pública
(Pontificia Universidad Javeriana: Facultad de Educación, 2024-12-27) Martínez Garrido, Cynthia Almenara; Márquez-Ortiz, Jazmín Amparo; Departamento de Pedagogía; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Universities are increasingly pivotal to the development of societies. Their commitment to opening doors for traditionally excluded segments of the population reflects a global effort to promote higher education aligned with the principles of social justice. Unfortunately, the inequalities in access to university education, with their deep-rooted origins and social implications, highlight a prolonged injustice entrenched in educational systems worldwide. The objective of this research is to identify the educational policies and institutional guidelines that influence access to the faculties of education at public universities in Colombia and Spain. To address this objective, a documentary analysis of the regulations governing access to two prominent public universities in Colombia and Spain is conducted. The findings reveal significant inequalities in access to higher education within both educational systems and characterize admission models that unveil multiple barriers preventing access, systematically excluding various sectors of society and contributing to the inequitable distribution of students across stratified educational institutions
Modeling transmission lines with open boundaries via infinite mapping layer
(IEEE, 2024-04-24) García Contreras, Ginés; Córcoles Ortega, Juan; Ruiz Cruz, Jorge Alfonso; Oldoni, Matteo; Codecasa, Lorenzo; Gentili, Gian Guido; Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica y de las Comunicaciones; Escuela Politécnica Superior
In this paper we introduce the use of several different Infinite Mapping Layers to model open boundaries in the 2-D Finite Element Method for the computation of transmission line parameters. The transformation maps a semi-infinite interval to a finite interval, thereby providing a simple and accurate description of open boundaries while keeping the size of the computational domain very compact. The method has been evaluated and tested on a variety of common transmission line geometries appearing in the literature and its accuracy is validated by comparing the results with canonical cases having closed expressions and with arbitrary geometries computed with commercial software tools. Various geometrical transformations have been developed and tested, and their performances evaluated in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Finally, the possibility of using a radial Infinite Mapping Layer has also been considered
La cantera neolítica de Pozarrate, en el complejo minero del sílex de Treviño (Burgos-Álava, España): materiales y sistemas de explotación a la luz de las nuevas dataciones
(Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, 2025) Tarriño, Antonio; Hernández, Hugo H.; López Tascón, Cristina; Herrero Alonso, Diego; Castañeda Clemente, Nuria Ester; Elorrieta, Irantzu; Mujika, José Antonio; Bandrés, Alberto; Martín Martín, Iván; Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
El complejo minero de sílex de Treviño (Burgos-Álava, España) es clave para comprender el aprovisionamiento y gestión de las materias primas líticas en la Prehistoria. El uso de este sílex se documenta desde el Paleolítico medio, con una intensificación en el Paleolítico superior y el Mesolítico, alcanzando un radio de difusión de más de 250 km. La cantera neolítica de Pozarrate evidencia un aprovisionamiento sistemático durante el Neolítico antiguo (mediados del V milenio cal a. C.), con nuevas dataciones que sitúan su explotación c. 4711-4441 cal a. C.. Las excavaciones han identificado un frente de cantera, una gran pirobrecha y numerosas herramientas extractivas en sílex, asta de cérvido y ofita. Los hallazgos de cerámica y metales en niveles superiores sugieren un uso continuado del complejo, así como otros estigmas mineros identificados en prospección. Estos datos posicionan a Pozarrate como un enclave fundamental para el estudio del aprovisionamiento de sílex y sus redes
Pedagogía del análisis computacional para repertorios renacentistas: el proyecto CRIM y las misas de Pedro Fernández Buch
(Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2024-07-01) Cuenca Rodríguez, María Elena; Freedman, Richard; Departamento de Música; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
El presente estudio aborda una metodología de análisis computacional de reciente creación en el contexto del proyecto Citations: The Renaissance Imitation Mass (CRIM) liderado por Richard Freedman en el Haverford College (Estados Unidos). Este proyecto escoge la denominada “misa de imitación” –un género musical del Renacimiento notable por la forma en que sus compositores derivaron nuevas obras a gran escala a partir de otras preexistentes–para investigar la similitud entre obras a través de un formato innovador y de código abierto. Además de integrar una gran base de datos de misas y modelos de misa del Renacimiento en su sitio web, el proyecto CRIM creó recientemente un conjunto de herramientas digitales desarrolladas en Python-Pandas para la aplicación CRIM Intervals, que permiten la realización de análisis del ámbito melódico y recurrencia de notas por voces, búsqueda de patrones melódicos, armónicos y contrapuntísticos, análisis cadencial, observación de tipos de presentación del contrapunto, así como la producción de mapas de calor sobre similitud melódica, entre otras funcionalidades. En este artículo se indagará en el estilo de Pedro Fernández Buch (1574-1648) de una manera didáctica, con el fin de dar a conocer estos recursos analíticos y sus posibilidades a la comunidad científica, así como de descubrir las relaciones musicales existentes entre las misas de imitación de este compositor y los modelos de Francisco Guerrero en los que se basan estas obras
No pictures, please: using eXplainable artificial intelligence to demystify CNNs for encrypted network packet classification
(MDPI, 2024-06-24) Luis Bisbé, Ernesto; Morales Gómez, Víctor; Perdices Burrero, Daniel; López de Vergara Méndez, Jorge Enrique; Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica y de las Comunicaciones; Escuela Politécnica Superior
Featured Application: The results of this work can be applied to improve machine learning-based network packet classification. Real-time traffic classification is one of the most important challenges for both Internet Service Providers and users, because correct traffic policing and planning allow for proper optimization of the network resources. However, there is no perfect solution for this problem, due to the grade of complexity of modern traffic. Nowadays, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are believed to be the miraculous solution for network packet classification of encrypted traffic. Nevertheless, given the obscure nature of deep learning, an appropriate explanation could not be easily obtained on how the model detects each traffic category. In this paper, we present an analysis on some popular CNN-based models for network packet classification, focusing on how the model works and how it was implemented, trained, and tested. By using eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), we are able to extract the most important regions of the models and extract some reasoning to justify their decisions. Moreover, in the process, we look for possible flawed methodologies that can lead to data leakage or an unrealistic performance evaluation. The results show that CNNs mainly focus on the packet length to make a decision, which is definitely a waste of resources. As we also check, the same could also be implemented with simpler machine learning models, such as decision trees. Our findings indicate that poor experimental protocols result in an unrealistic performance evaluation. Moreover, XAI techniques are of great help in the assessment of the model, showing that CNNs do not detect significant features in encrypted payloads apart from packet length
Génesis del disco volador en España Circunstancias sociales, culturales y deportivas
(Museo del juego, 2024) Ponce de León Maya, Gonzalo; Calle Molina, María Teresa; Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Esta investigación muestra un estudio de Historia de Tiempo Presente (HTP). El objetivo es aproximarnos a la génesis del disco volador en España mediante el testimonio y el archivo personal de dos fuentes primarias valiosas por su relación directa con el objeto de estudio y así, acercarnos a la realidad de los hechos rescatando las circunstancias sociales, culturales y deportivas de ese momento histórico inicial de este deporte en el país. Las técnicas empleadas fueron el análisis documental y la entrevista individual semiestructurada con final abierto. Los resultados muestran cómo con la llegada de la concepción de Deporte para Todos a España, tendrá cabida deportes y juegos no institucionalizados a nivel social y educativo conocidos como deportes alternativos gracias a una figura determinante, Manuel Hernández Vázquez, fuente oral de la presente investigación. El disco volador, las indiacas o el bádminton comienzan a incluirse como contenido educativo en los diferentes seminarios y cursos de deportes alternativos para los primeros/as maestros/as y profesores/as de Educación Física del país que buscaban un enfoque educativo nuevo en relación con el sentimiento social del momento. En este trabajo de investigación hemos podido localizar a Enrique Martínez Rodríguez, uno de esos profesores de Educación Física que conoció el frisbee o disco volador en Asturias a finales de los años sesenta gracias a unos australianos que venían a Tapia de Casariego a surfear. Éste fue alumno de Manuel Hernández Vázquez, que escribió una tesina en 1983 que probablemente sea el primer texto en español sobre el disco volador
Yacimientos simulados y arqueología experimental como herramienta de aprendizaje en Arqueología y Paleontología
(UAM Ediciones, 2023-10-30) Baena Preysler, Javier; Cambra Moo, Óscar; González Martín, Armando; Durán, Isabel; Torres Navas, Concepción; Departamento de Biología; Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Facultad de Ciencias
La arqueología Experimental ha tenido una amplia difusión tanto en el ámbito investigador como en el divulgativo en las últimas décadas. No obstante, su empleo en la generación de modelos arqueológicos simulados ofrece un recurso de enorme potencialidad para poder profundizar en el campo de la interpretación del registro arqueológico. En este trabajo, presentamos un primer acercamiento a las simulaciones arqueológicas sobre base experimental con especial atención a los modelos creados en el LAEX-UAM. Igualmente exploramos su potencial dentro del campo de la interpretación del registro arqueológico
The post Covid-19 crisis: Effects on the development of Africa and its relations with the European Union. An economic geography approach of globalisation
(ECSA Moldova, 2020-01-01) Collado Cueto, Luis Ángel; Mella Márquez, José María; Departamento de Estructura Económica y Economía del Desarrollo; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
The New Economic Geography has focused on the study of globalisation and its territorial impacts, including those related to development.1 In this analytical process, a new element has broken out whose capacity to affect the globalising process and the location of activities is undeniable: the global pandemic COVID-19. Indeed, the rapid spread of the virus itself has been closely linked to the intense globalisation of passenger flows, favoured by the reduction of airfares in recent decades. This paper presents the current state of this debate, analyses the impacts of the pandemic on the economic geography of globalisation, and sets out some economic policies to address these impacts both for health and economic crisis. In particular, the effects of Covid-19 on the processes of loss of relevance of global value chains, the relocation of production from emerging countries in other countries near consumer centres, the reduction of people’s mobility and the effects of commodity price declines on the different economies of the African continent are discussed here. In short, it is a question of examining the deglobalising effect on the economy, the processes of regionalisation and renationalisation of production or reshoring and its effects on Africa. These changes could lead to a new geography of economic development, which will pose new challenges to Africa, but also to the EU and the relations between both continents. The analysis is based on the DHL Global Connectedness Index (GCI), developed by Altman and Bastian2 from trade, capital, information and people flows, and other globalisation indexes. Key words: Africa, African Union, economic development, economic geography, European Union, globalisation, regional integration
Physical fitness in male adolescents and atherosclerosis in middle age: a population-based cohort study
(BMJ, 2024-04-02) Herraiz-Adillo, Ángel; Ahlqvist, Viktor H; Higueras Fresnillo, Sara; Hedman, Kristofer; Hagström, Emil; Fortuin-de Smidt, Melony; Daka, Bledar; Lenander, Cecilia; Berglind, Daniel; Östgren, Carl Johan; Rådholm, Karin; Ortega, Francisco B; Henriksson, Pontus; Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Objectives To examine the associations between physical fitness in male adolescents and coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in middle age. Methods This population-based cohort study linked physical fitness data from the Swedish Military Conscription Register during adolescence to atherosclerosis data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study in middle age. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a maximal cycle-ergometer test, and knee extension muscular strength was evaluated through an isometric dynamometer. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated via Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) stenosis and Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scores, while carotid plaques were evaluated by ultrasound. The associations were analysed using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted (marginal)prevalences and restricted cubic splines. Results The analysis included 8986 male adolescents (mean age 18.3 years) with a mean follow-up of 38.2 years. Physical fitness showed a reversed J-shaped association with CCTA stenosis and CAC, but no consistent association was observed for carotid plaques. After adjustments, compared with adolescents in the lowest tertile of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength, those in the highest tertile had 22% (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.99) and 26% (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.93) lower ORs for severe (≥50%) coronary estenosis, respectively. The highest physical fitness group (high cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength) had 33% (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.87) lower OR for severe coronary stenosis compared with those with the lowest physical fitness. Conclusion This study supports that a combination of high cardiorespiratory fitness and high muscular strength in adolescence is associated with lower coronary atherosclerosis, particularly severe coronary stenosis, almost 40 years later
Natural resource funds for innovation in emerging countries: an assessment of the Chilean experience
(Emerald, 2021-06-08) Medina Bueno, José Luis; Guimón de Ros, José; Cancino, Christian A.; Departamento de Estructura Económica y Economía del Desarrollo; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
This study aims to explore the institutional complexities associated with the design and implementation of a natural resource fund for innovation. Design/methodology/approach: This study examines the case of Chile's Innovation Fund for Competitiveness by means of a historical approach building on interviews with key informants. Findings: The proper functioning of a natural resource fund for innovation requires efficient institutional and operational structures, as well as strong coordination with innovation system actors. In particular, the case of Chile highlights the challenges inherent in adopting a regional approach when implementing this type of strategy, due to the institutional voids that hamper the role of regional governments in emerging countries. Originality/value: Natural resource funds for innovation constitute a strategic mechanism for developing the innovative capabilities necessary to enhance the competitiveness of resource-rich emerging countries. This is one of the first studies addressing the institutional challenges involved in setting up this kind of fund in practice, focusing on one of the most relevant and longstanding examples from Latin America
Generación de analogías en entornos cooperativos frente a individuos aislados. El papel de la complejidad y de las etiquetas estructurales
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid: Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, 2024) Herranz Hernández, Pablo; Maldonado Rico, Antonio; González Labra, María José; Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Antecedentes: La analogía constituye un mecanismo cognitivo básico en el pensamiento y aprendizaje humanos. Además, supone una herramienta educativa útil en diversas áreas curriculares. Método: A través de dos experimentos se analiza la generación de análogos en grupo frente a individuos aislados y la influencia de las relaciones circulares en comparación con las de causalidad unidireccional, así como el papel de las etiquetas. Resultados: En el Experimento 1 los individuos y los grupos generan un mismo número de analogías, pero los individuos en mayor medida interdominio. En el 2, se encuentra que la etiqueta facilita a la hora de recuperar más análogos circulares y que cuando las relaciones son de circularidad causal los análogos que se generan son, en mayor medida, interdominio. Conclusiones: Los resultados apoyan la Teoría de la Complejidad Cognitiva y Control (CCC) y abren la puerta al estudio de la analogía y la etiqueta como estrategias instruccionales en la detección de paradojas circulares como elemento de mejora del pensamiento, pudiéndolo hacer más creativo y complejo. De ahí que la analogía aporte un recurso útil a la hora de enseñar a pensar de forma crítica e innovadora, haciendo partícipe al estudiantado en su propio proceso de aprendizaje
An overview of privacy-enhancing technologies in biometric recognition
(ACM, 2024-10-01) Melzi, Pietro; Rathgeb, Christian; Tolosana Moranchel, Rubén; Busch, Christoph; Escuela Politécnica Superior
Privacy-enhancing technologies are technologies that implement fundamental data protection principles. With respect to biometric recognition, different types of privacy-enhancing technologies have been introduced for protecting stored biometric data, which are generally classified as sensitive. In this regard, various taxonomies and conceptual categorizations have been proposed and standardisation activities have been carried out. However, these efforts have mainly been devoted to certain sub-categories of privacy-enhancing technologies and therefore lack generalization. This work provides an overview of concepts of privacy-enhancing technologies for biometric recognition in a unified framework. Key properties and differences between existing concepts are highlighted in detail at each processing step. Fundamental characteristics and limitations of existing technologies are discussed and related to data protection techniques and principles. Moreover, scenarios and methods for the assessment of privacy-enhancing technologies for biometric recognition are presented. This article is meant as a point of entry to the field of data protection for biometric recognition applications and is directed toward experienced researchers as well as non-experts
The Flint Quarry of Pozarrate (Treviño, Spain) in the Context of Iberian and Early European Neolithic Mining
(Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Sciences, 2022-11-24) Castañeda Clemente, Nuria Ester; Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras
This paper presents the current state of research on the Early Neolithic flint quarry of Pozarrate (Treviño, Burgos) in the north of Spain. This site is part of the Prehistoric Flint Mining Complex of Treviño. The geological features of the territory made it a suitable place for the exploitation of the Treviño flint since Paleolithic times, especially during the Neolithic. Recent research at the site has revealed interesting findings, such as antler and dolerite mining equipment and different flint tools, among other recoveries. Radiocarbon dates indicate an Early Neolithic activity which makes Pozarrate one of the few flint procurement sites in the Iberian Peninsula from this period. Moreover, a considerable number of elements link Pozarrate to the Early European Neolithic flint mining phenomenon
Knowledge transfer for frugal innovation: where do entrepreneurial universities stand?
(Emerald, 2020-07-07) Fischer, Bruno; Guerrero, Maribel; Guimón de Ros, José; Rücker Schaeffer, Paola; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
Frugal innovation has gained prominence based on its potential contribution to sustainable development and the new opportunities that it offers to low-income customers. This paper aims to analyse the strategic knowledge transfer practices implemented by an entrepreneurial university for fostering frugal innovations within an emerging economy. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopted a case study methodological approach. The selected case was the University of Campinas (Unicamp), one of the leading universities in Brazil in terms of research quality and technology transfer. The study built upon 14 interviews with key informants and secondary sources of data (official and public documents). Findings: The findings highlight the multidimensional dynamics of frugal innovations arising from university–industry relationships. Key dimensions considered include the internal capabilities of universities to foster frugal innovations and connect them to markets, the surrounding innovation ecosystems in which the university is embedded and the overarching institutional framework. Research limitations/implications: The analysis of strategic management practices for frugal innovation requires an evolutionary perspective, but the findings lacked sufficient longitudinal information for a formal evaluation. Also, as our empirical analysis is based on an in-depth case study of one university, further validation in other contexts would be necessary. Practical implications: This study offers new insights regarding the effectiveness of university-business collaboration partnerships for developing frugal innovations in emerging economies. Policymakers should promote societal programs enhancing the active participation of all agents involved in the entrepreneurial and innovation ecosystem. University managers should understand the challenges and the opportunities behind the adoption of an inclusive and societal orientation. Social implications: By adopting frugal innovation practices, universities can enhance their contribution of meeting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. Originality/value: The literature on frugal innovation has emphasized the importance of networking between different types of firms, NGOs and governments, but the role of universities in frugal innovation remains mostly unexplored. This study addresses this gap by exploring how entrepreneurial universities participate in frugal innovations to meet societal challenges
Posiciones sobre profesionalización docente en el discurso de los organismos internacionales
(Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa A.C., 2024-10) Monarca, Héctor; Mera Clavijo, Alberto; Álvarez López, Gabriel; Gorostiaga, Jorge M.; Departamento de Pedagogía; Facultad de Formación de Profesorado y Educación
Este artículo analiza los discursos, a través de sus documentos, sobre profesionalización docente de tres organismos internacionales: Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura; Oficina Regional de Educación para América Latina y el Caribe-Unesco y Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo. El objetivo fue identificar sus posiciones explícitas e implícitas en esta temática, entendiendo que sus discursos, políticas y prácticas de profesionalización docente forman parte de los procesos de producción de lo social en general y del campo educativo en particular. Se realizó un análisis de contenido de los documentos seleccionados desde una aproximación crítica al discurso. Los resultados muestran que predomina una posición híbrida respecto de la profesionalización, aunque mayormente caracterizada por la gestión del profesorado-escuela. Las conclusiones invitan a pensar sobre el hibridismo como rasgo predominante de los documentos orientados a la política y dirigidos a múltiples audiencias y contextos

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