Chocolate and health-related quality of life: A prospective study
Entity
UAM. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública y Microbiología; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ)Publisher
Public Library of ScienceDate
2015-04-22Citation
10.1371/journal.pone.0123161
PlLos ONE 10.4 (2015): e0123161
ISSN
1932-6203DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0123161Funded by
Baseline data collection (ENRICA study) was funded by Sanofi-Aventis. Data collection during follow-up was funded by FIS grant 09/162 (Ministry of Health of Spain). Funding specific for this analysis was obtained from FIS grants PI11/01379 and PI12/ 1166 (Ministry of Health of Spain), and from the "Cátedra UAM de Epidemiología y Control del Riesgo Cardiovascular"Project
Gobierno de España. PI11/01379; Gobierno de España. PI12/ 1166Editor's Version
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123161Subjects
Chocolate; Blood pressure; Cholesterol; MedicinaRights
© 2015 Balboa-Castillo et al.Abstract
Background
Chocolate consumption has been associated with a short-term reduction in blood pressure
and cholesterol, and improvement of insulin sensitivity; however, participants could not be
aware of presenting hypertension or hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, the effect of chocolate
on mental health is uncertain. This study assessed the association of regular chocolate
consumption with the physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) components of health-related quality
of life (HRQL).
Materials and methods
We analyzed data from a cohort of 4599 individuals recruited in 2008–2010 and followed-up
once prospectively to January 2013 (follow-up mean: 3.5 years). Regular chocolate consumption
was assessed at baseline with a validated diet history. HRQL was assessed with
the SF-12 v.2 at baseline and at follow-up. Analyses were performed with linear regression
and adjusted for the main confounders, including HRQL at baseline.
Results
At baseline, 72% of the study participants did not consume chocolate, 11% consumed 10
g/day and 17% >10 g/day. Chocolate consumption at baseline did not show an association
with PCS and MCS of the SF-12 measured three years later. Compared to those who did
not consume chocolate, the PCS scores were similar in those who consumed 10g/day
(beta: -0.07; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -0.94 to 0.80) and in those who consumed
>10g/day (beta: 0.02; 95% CI:-0.71 to 0.75); corresponding figures for the MCS were 0.29;
95% CI: -0.67 to 1.26, and -0.57; 95%CI: -1.37 to 0.23. Similar results were found for sex, regardless
of obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes or depression
Conclusions
No evidence was found of an association between chocolate intake and the physical or
mental components of HRQL
Files in this item
Google Scholar:Balboa-Castillo, Teresa
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López García, Esther
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León-Muñoz, Luz María
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Pérez-Tasigchana, Raúl F.
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Banegas Banegas, José Ramón
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Rodríguez Artalejo, Fernando
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Guallar Castillón, María Pilar
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